Std.XI and Std. XII Maharashtra state board text, activity sheet, grammar, vocabulary and writing skill resources.
To Sir, with Love
2.3 There is Another Sky
Title: There is Another Sky
'There is Another Sky' is an inspirational poem with a message of 'never
say-die'. The poet presents two worlds through the title, one is the real world
to which the poet and her brother belong. The other one is an imaginative place
where both of them take refuge to stay away from the troubles of contemporary
times.
The poem: There is
Another Sky
The poem is a
Petrarchan sonnet with octave and sestet. The poet is communicating to her
brother through a letter. She encourages her brother not to get depressed under
any circumstances and pleads with him to return home.
Life is full of challenges;
one can tackle the challenges with a positive attitude. The poem ends on an
optimistic note. The brighter garden stands for choices that life offers to
all.
The Poet: Emily
Dickinson
Emily Dickinson is an American poet of the nineteenth century. She lived a lonely life. Most of her poems are motivational and philosophical. They are unique to her era and are characterised by simple and short lines. She often used slant rhymes and unconventional capitalization and punctuation. Her poems are the psalms and hymns of life in all its shades.
Theme:
There is Another Sky" is a sonnet written by Emily
Dickinson. The poet wants to convey to the readers that beyond the physical
sky, there lies an additional sky. The theme of the sonnet highlights the
importance of never giving up and always looking for the best to come.
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Std. XI- 2.3 There is Another Sky
There is Another Sky by Emily
Dickinson
Title: There is Another Sky
'There is Another Sky' is an
inspirational poem with a message of 'never say-die'. The poet presents two
worlds through the title, one is the real world to which the poet and her
brother belong. The other one is an imaginative place where both of them take
refuge to stay away from the troubles of contemporary times.
The poem: There is Another Sky
The poem is a Petrarchan sonnet with octave and sestet. The poet is
communicating to her brother through a letter. She encourages her brother not
to get depressed under any circumstances and pleads with him to return home.
Life is full of challenges; one can tackle the challenges with a
positive attitude. The poem ends on an optimistic note. The brighter garden
stands for choices that life offers to all.
The Poet: Emily Dickinson
Emily Dickinson is an American poet of the nineteenth century. She
lived a lonely life. Most of her poems are motivational and philosophical. They
are unique to her era and are characterised by simple and short lines. She
often used slant rhymes and unconventional capitalization and
punctuation. Her poems are the psalms and hymns of life in all its shades.
Specialty of the poem:
‘There is Another Sky’ is a sonnet written by Emily Dickinson. The poet
wants to convey to the readers that beyond the physical sky, there lies an
additional sky. The theme of the sonnet highlights the importance of never
giving up and always looking for the best to come.
Ice Breakers
1) Life is an amalgam of happy and sad moments. Think
of such moments in your life, pair with your classmate and share both the
aspects of life.
|
Happy
Moments |
Sad Moments |
|
1) Winning
the first prize in competition |
Losing your
mobile, bicycle or wallet |
|
2) |
|
|
3) |
|
Answer:
|
Happy
Moments |
Sad Moments |
|
1) Winning
the first prize in competition |
Losing your
mobile, bicycle or wallet |
|
2) Securing
highest marks in the exam. |
Getting low
score in the exam. |
|
3) Enjoying
birthday party |
Missing a
party |
|
4)
Attending a wedding ceremony of close relative or friend |
Missing a
wedding ceremony of a close relative or friend due to unavoidable situation |
|
5) Going to
a picnic |
Becoming
sick |
|
6) Hearing
favourite songs |
Death of a
close relative or friend |
|
7) Getting
admission to a desired course / college |
Not getting
admission to a desired course or college |
|
8) Watching
favourite T.V. programme or a film or a play |
Attending a
boring meeting |
|
9) Spending
time with family members on any festival |
Getting
defeat in any sport match |
|
10)
Learning new things |
Suffering
due to an accident |
2) Discuss with your partner and find proverbs, idioms
or phrases of similar meaning to the one given and fill them in the stars given
below:
Answer:
1) Every cloud has a silver lining. |
2) There is a crack in everything, that’s how the light gets in. |
3) There are always flowers for those who want to see them. |
4) I’m thankful for my struggle because without it, I wouldn’t have stumbled upon my strength. |
5) Once you have been in the dark, you learn to appreciate everything that shines. |
6) Too many people miss the silver lining because they are expecting gold. |
7) Remember that sometimes not getting what you want is wonderful stroke of luck. |
8) Only in the darkness, you can see the stars. |
9) You never know how strong you are until being strong is your only choice. |
10) All’s well that ends well. |
3) When we look at the sky, we find several objects.
They stand for something or the other. Complete the following table by finding
the significance of the given objects. One example is given to you.
|
Celestial
Bodies |
Association |
|
The Sun |
Power,
Heat, Energy, Commitment etc. |
|
The Moon |
|
|
The Rainbow |
|
|
The Stars |
|
Answer:
|
Celestial
Bodies |
Association |
|
The Sun |
Power,
Heat, Energy, Commitment etc. |
|
The Moon |
Beauty,
Calmness, Purity, Compassion, Brightness etc. |
|
The Rainbow |
Beauty,
Happiness, Dream, Peace etc. |
|
The Stars |
Good luck,
Gift, Appreciation, Ratings, Celebrity etc. |
4) Colours mentioned in the table given below, are
associated with something or the other. Discuss with your partner and complete
the table.
Answer-
|
Colours |
Associated
with- |
|
Pink |
Warmness,
Compassion, Love |
|
Blue |
Peace,
Gloom |
|
Yellow |
Joy,
Brightness |
|
Red |
Danger,
Anger, Love |
|
White |
Peace,
Defeat |
|
Black |
Strength,
Darkness |
Brainstorming activities:
1) Imagine your younger sister is not paying attention
to her studies and is seen wasting time playing games on her cell-phone.
Suggest some ways that will help her to concentrate on her studies and overcome
her bad habit.
Answer:
I would give company to my younger sister during studies. I would show
her the hazards of wasting study time in the games on cell phone. I would
encourage her to involve in actual games on the ground. I would try keep the
cell phone away from her. In this way, I would help my younger sister to
concentrate on her studies and overcome the bad habit.
2) You have noticed that many of your classmates are
not interested in outdoor games or participating in co-curricular activities.
Discuss some ways in which they will be encouraged to participate in
activities.
Answer:
Ways to encourage classmates to participate in extra-curricular
activities:
i) Show importance of co-curricular activities.
ii) Make aware that co- curricular activities help to broaden individual
minds and build self confidence.
iii) Arrange motivational speeches to know the importance of co-
curricular activities.
iv) Assure to win prizes for best performances.
See More-
Poetry-
Drama-
Drama-
Poetic appreciation of the poem- There is another
sky
Appreciation - 1
Q. Write poetic appreciation of the poem ‘There is
another sky’.
Answer-
About the poem, poet and title :-
‘There is Another Sky’ is a poem written by Emily Dickinson. She is an
American poet of the 19th century. She is well known for her motivational and
philosophical poetry. This poem was written as a part of a letter to her
brother Austin. The poet tries to convince her brother to come back home for
getting an ideal place; which is just like paradise.
Theme :-
The theme of the poem is to show positive side of life and to give
message to every depressed person that no matter how difficult his or her
current situation, there is always a new place of hope and joy. The poem also
shows love of a sister for her troubled brother.
Poetic style, language, poetic devices used in the
poem :-
The poet has used her unique technique of writing in slant rhymes and
unconventional capitalization and punctuations. The language is simple. The
imageries used are clearly defined. The poetic devices like Metaphor,
Personification, Litotes and Hyperbole add to its beauty. The poem is a
Petrarchan Sonnet, which means that is a fourteen-line poem divided into two
parts, such that the first part of the poem which is an Octave (a stanza of 8
lines) and the second part is a sestet (a stanza of 6 lines).
Special features :-
It is an inspirational poem with the message of ‘never-say-die’. It is
optimistic and also reflects Emily’s undying love for her brother Austin who
was troubled by some difficulties and hence the poet’s continued assurance
would definitely provide a relief and boost to her brother to return home to
her where ‘a brighter garden’ with unfading flowers and humming bees would
welcome him.
Message/values/morals in the poem :-
The message undoubtedly is about being positive and hopeful in every
situation. Life is full of challenging moments. We need to be strong to face
all eventualities and obstacles in life. We must achieve the goals of our life
and must not lose confidence in any situation.
My opinion about the poem :- The
poem is very inspirational, so I like it very much. It shows positive attitude
and guides readers to do new efforts to get happy and fruitful life.
|
Activity Sheet
No.1 |
Q. Read the extract and complete the activities given
below.(10)
|
There is another sky, |
A1. Web (2)
Complete the web giving the sad and gloomy aspects of life mentioned in
the first part of the poem.
A2. Pick out (2)
The poem expresses feeling of serenity. Pick out the line from the poem
showing the same.
A3. Personal Response (2)
Imagine your younger brother is not paying attention to his studies and
is seen wasting time playing games on cell-phone. Suggest some ways to help him
to concentrate on his studies and overcome the bad habit.
A4. Poetic Device (2)
I hear the bright bee hum.
(Write with explanation two figures of speech used in
this sentence)
A5. Poetic Creativity (2)
Let’s compose a poem. Two lines are given. Add two of
your own.
There is another sky,
Ever serene and fair
---------------------------,
---------------------------.
Answer-
A1.
Sad and gloomy aspects of life-
Darkness
Faded forests
Silent fields
A2.
The line showing the feeling of serenity is: -
There is another sky
Even serene and fair.
A3.
I would give company to my brother during studies. I will create awareness
about the hazards of wasting study time in the games on cell phone. I will
encourage him to involve in actual games on the ground. I will keep the cell
phone away from him. In this way, I would help my brother to concentrate on his
studies and overcome the bad habit.
A4.
Two figures of speech used in the line ‘I hear the bright bee hum’ are:
1) Alliteration: The sound of letters ‘b’ and ‘h’ are
repeated.
2) Onomatopoeia: The word ‘hum’ expresses sound.
A5.
There is another sky,
Ever serene and fair
Enjoy its
beauty
And make yourself happy.
Poetic Appreciation
Appreciation - 2
Q. Write a poetic appreciation of the poem – There is
Another Sky.
Answer-
About Poem and Poet:
‘There is Another Sky’ is a poem written by Emily Dickinson. Emily
Dickinson was an American poetess.
‘There is Another Sky’ is the encouragement of the poetess to her
brother who is depressed and alone. She inspires her brother and shows hope and
a bright future ahead.
Theme:
The poem has the message to every depressed and alone person that a
bright and happy future will come in life. So, keep patience and be optimistic
in life. It is an inspirational poem with the message of ‘never lose faith’.
Poetic Device:
The language used in the poem is simple, lucid, illustrative, and
effective. There is use of figures of speech like inversion, alliteration,
hyperbole, metaphor, and repetition. The poet has used her unique technique of
writing in slant rhymes and unconventional capitalization and punctuations. The
language is easy to comprehend as the imageries used are clearly defined.
Special Feature:
It is a Petrarchan sonnet. The octave describes the cold, gloomy
atmosphere while the sestet shows an inspiring and encouraging tone. There is
variation in the rhyme scheme of each stanza.
Message of the poem:
Life is full of challenges. One can tackle the challenges with a
positive attitude. Do not lose hope. The future can give good chance to develop
life. Nothing is impossible in life. We can achieve the goals of our life so we
should not lose confidence in any situation.
My opinion about the poem:
The poem shows the love and care of a sister to her brother. The poem
has an optimistic end. I like the poem very much.
The Sower
‘The Sower’ is a translation of Victor
Hugo's French poem. It is translated by Toru Dutt from French to English. ‘The
Sower’ is a poem about a farmer who is sowing seeds. He has seen many bad
harvests in his life. However, he is so optimistic of having a good harvest
every time he tosses grain. The Sower the central aspect of this poem and the
poet minutely describes his activities in the farm.
Poet: Victor
Hugo
He was the poet,
novelist, and dramatist of the 19th century. He was one of the most important
French Romantic writers.
He is regarded
in France as one of the country's greatest poets. He is better known for his
famous novels as ''Notre-Dame de Paris''(1831) and "Les Miserables"
(1862).
Translated
by: Torulata Dutt
She was a
Bengali poet. She was also known as Toru. She wrote in English and French. She
was born on 4th March 1856 in Kolkata.
She is
considered to be ‘The first Indian poetess’ to write verses in English and
French. She translated dozens of poems and completed a novel before her death
at the age of 21. Her poems such as ‘Seeta’, ‘Lotus’ and ‘Our Casuarina Tree’
are well-loved.
Appreciation of the poem - The Sower
(i) Write an appreciation of the poem considering the following points:
About the poem / poet
/ title.
Theme
Poetic devices,
language, style
Special features /
novelties / focussing elements
Values, message
Your opinion about the
poem
Answer:
See answer of this
activity in the following book:
Activity Workbook Std.
XI English- By Prof. Tushar Chavan
Price Rs. 300 + Courier/ Postage Rs. 50
Total= Rs. 350
Send Whats App message to-
9850737199
Extra Activities
1) Write
the rhyming words of the poem-‘The Sower’.
Answer:
1) cool-rule
2) fast-past
3) lands-stands
4) still-thrill
5) silhouette-set
6) deep-reap
7) plain- grain
8) wide- stride
9) light- height
10) eyes- skies
--------------------------------------------------
For more Activities, do buy the following book:
Price Rs. 300 + Courier/ Postage Rs. 50
Total= Rs. 350
Send Whats App message to-
Prof. Tushar Chavan
9850737199
The Sower
Poem: The Sower by
Victor Hugo
Title: The Sower
‘The
Sower’ is a translation of Victor Hugo's French poem. It is translated by Toru
Dutt from French to English. ‘The Sower’ is a poem about a farmer who is sowing
seeds. He has seen many bad harvests in his life. However, he is so optimistic
of having a good harvest every time he tosses grain. The Sower is the central
aspect of this poem and the poet minutely describes his activities in the farm.
Poet: Victor Hugo
He was the poet, novelist, and
dramatist of the 19th century. He was one of the most important French Romantic
writers.
He is regarded in France as
one of the country's greatest poets. He is better known for his famous novels
as ''Notre-Dame de Paris''(1831) and "Les Miserables" (1862).
Translated by:
Torulata Dutt
Torulata Dutt was a Bengali
poet. She was also known as Toru. She wrote in English and French.
She is considered to be ‘The
first Indian poetess’ to write verses in English and French. She translated
dozens of poems and completed a novel before her death at the age of 21. Her
poems such as ‘Seeta’, ‘Lotus’ and ‘Our Casuarina Tree’ are well-praised.
Ice Breakers
Activities:
(i) Make a list of
words related to agriculture.
Answer:
Words related to
agriculture are-
Plough, weeding, harvest,
sowing, cultivating, farmer, farm, crop, fertilizers, grain, seeds, soil,
yield, irrigation, tilling, planting, harrowing, reaping, manure
(ii) Discuss the
activities carried out by a farmer.
Answer:
Ploughing- नांगरणी
Sowing – पेरणी
Manuring- खत देणे
Weeding- तण काढणे
Reaping- कापणी / धान्य काढणे
(iii) In our
country engineering, teaching and medical fields are much sought after. Other
professions, occupations though they make a significant contribution to the
society, do not get their due.
Answer:
(ii) 'Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy'. Fill in the boxes supporting this statement. Complete the following web diagram.
|
A large part of Indian population is involved in
agriculture. |
Agriculture- |
------------------------------------- |
|
------------------------------------- |
------------------------------------- |
Answer:
|
A large part of Indian population is involved in
agriculture. |
Agriculture- the back- bone of
India |
Provides employment to large number of people in
India |
|
Provides sufficient food grains and other needy
things. |
Gives strong support to Indian economy. Helps to
increase GDP. |
Glossary:
Poem is based on:
The Farming and the life of a
farmer is the central idea of the poem and the poet gives his feelings for the
farmer along with the detailed description about the nature around the farmer.
Paraphrase of the
poem:- The
Sower
“Sitting in a
porchway………………working hours are well night past.”
The poet is sitting peacefully
in the veranda. He is enjoying the sunset. He describes the presence of
twilight. ‘The twilight hastens on to rule’ the line suggests the overpower of
the twilight over the light of the day. It is a time between the day and night.
Day is fading and night is approaching. ‘Working hours are well - nigh past’
this line suggests the time of work in the fields is now over. Soon it is going
to be night and dark all around.
“Shadow……………………… I
feel a thrill”
During the twilight, shadows
are spreading all around the area. In such time, the poet sees a farmer who is
standing alone in the fields. He is staying a bit there. ‘Old, in rags, he
patient stands’ this line gives the appearance of the Sower. The Sower is old
and his cloths are tattered. He is standing peacefully in the field. The poet
is so much thrilled to see his calm and peaceful appearance in the field.
“Black and
high……………… a time to reap”
Since it is a twilight time
everything appears to be blackish. ‘Silhouette’ is the French word. It means
the outline of the Sower. The black shadow of the Sower is dominating the deep
furrows in the fields. Since the sun is setting the silhouette gradually
becomes bigger and bigger thus even the deep furrows seem to be small in front
of the Sower. Here the human aspects is shown powerful and dominating over the
nature. In the next line, ‘now to sow……a time to reap’, the farmer is hoping
for a good harvest in future. He is sowing and expecting that seeds will grow,
the grains will appear and all his wishes will be fulfilled.
“Marches he along
the plain………to see him stride”
The poet describes the
movement of the farmer and his actions in the field. The poet appears the
farmer as marching like a soldier. It shows his strong determination and
positive attitude towards his work. The farmer moves forward and backward
scattering the precious grains which are both a symbol of prosperity and wealth
of future. The grain is called ‘precious grains’ because each and every grain
is important in the life of a farmer. The poet thinks deeply about the Sower’s
hard efforts.
“Darkness
deepens………………touch the starry skies”
Here the poet describes the night sky. The twilight gradually turns to night.
Everywhere the darkness appears. Now the poet speaks about the gestures of the
Sower. The poet feels the majestic and inspiring image of the Sower. The
gradual and progressive growth of the shadow of the Sower reaches the top of
the sky. The poet feels reverence to the hardworking farmer. He glorifies the
work of the Sower and considers his work as noble. Sower’s work gives him such
height/ importance that he can touch the sky.
Brain storming
activities.
1. There are a
number of challenges a farmer in India faces. Discuss with your partner. How it
is possible to improve the condition of farmers?
Answer:
2. The poet has observed the sower closely. Express in your own words the reverence the poet has for the sower.
Answer:
The poet realizes that the old
farmer is staying a bit in the farm. The poet fills thrill seeing that he does
not end his work just because others have ended their work. The poet feels
wonder and respect at his dark working figure. The poet is lost in thoughts
(muses) and expresses the importance of the farmer’s work. He declares that his
work touches the starry skies (as his work provides food to all). All these
show that the poet has observed the sower closely and he has reverence for
him.
3. The poet is
prompted to call the sower an ‘august personality’ which means- ‘one who has
reached the highest position in his work place’.
Explain this using
the following points.
i) Hard work
ii) Perseverance
iii) Dedication
Answer:
i) Hard work: The sower is termed as an august personality' by
the poet due to his hard-working nature. The sower continues his work well
beyond the working hours. Though the daytime is over, he carries on with his
work.
ii) Perseverance: The sower's perseverance can be seen when he
marches along the plain to and fro with a determination to sow the seeds and
hopes for a good harvest.
iii) Dedication: The dedication of the sower can be seen when he
takes the seeds and scattered all around, so that the seeds give him good
yield.
4.
(i) Pick out the
examples of alliteration from the poem and write them down.
Answer:
Examples of
Alliteration:
1) Sitting in a porchway
cool,
Sunlight, I see, dying fast,
2)
Working hours have well-nigh past.
3) But a sower
lingers still,
4) Black
and high, his silhouette
5) Dominates the
furrows deep!
6) Now to sow the task
is set.
7) From his hands
the precious grain;
8) Darkness deepens.
Fades the light.
9) Are august; and
strange; his height
10) Seems to touch
the starry skies.
(ii) 'Seems to
touch the starry skies'. The poet has used word imagery. Describe the
idea and pick out other similar examples from the poem.
Answer:
Imagery can be defined as a
writer or speaker's use of words or sentences to create a vivid mental picture
or physical sensation.
Examples of
Imagery:
1) Sitting in a porchway cool.
2) Sunlight, I see, dying
fast.
3) Twilight hastens on to
rule.
4) Shadows run across the
lands.
5) Old, in rags, he patient
stands.
6) Black and high, his
silhouette.
7) Dominates the furrows deep.
8) Marches he along the plain.
9) Darkness deepens. Fades the
light.
5. Poetic
appreciation
Write an
appreciation of the poem 'The Sower':
Answer-
About the poem:
The poem ‘The Sower’ is a
translation of Victor Hugo's French poem by Toru Dutt to English. It is a poem
about the hard work and persistence of the sower.
The poet: Poet Victor Hugo was the famous poet, novelist,
and dramatist of the 19th century. He was one of the most important French
Romantic writers.
The title:
The title ‘Sower’ shows the
work of a farmer. The poet observes his actions and expresses his respect for
the former who is doing this noble task.
Theme:
The poem is woven around the
theme of the farmer sowing his land. He seeks neither help nor company but does
his work till dark. Poet’s respect for the work of farmer is the central idea
of this poem.
Poetic devices,
language, style:
The poet has used the figures
of speech like Alliteration, Antithesis, Hyperbole, Inversion, Personification,
Repetition etc. The figurative use of poetic language makes the poem beautiful.
The word imagery ‘Shadows run across the lands’ presents clear picture of
natural phenomenon. The rhyme-scheme is ‘a b a b’ which provide a pleasing
rhythm. The word picture of the sower gives a real visualization of the hard
work and attitude of the farmer.
Special features /
novelties / focussing elements:
The poem shows the good
qualities like determination, hard work, perseverance etc. It shows the hard
work of the farmer. The poem enhances the respect for the farmer.
Values, message:
The poem gives the message
that one should keep working with a positive attitude in life as it brings good
results in the future.
My opinion about
the poem:
I like the poem very much. It
presents the positive and respectful picture of the farmer. I also appreciate
the qualities of the farmer which are depicted in this poem. I want to acquire
these qualities and positive approach to develop my life. I also realise the
worth of the farmer’s work.
6. Write the
rhyming words of the poem-‘The Sower’.
Answer:
|
1) cool- |
rule |
|
2) fast- |
past |
|
3) lands- |
stands |
|
4) still- |
thrill |
|
5) silhouette- |
set |
|
6) deep- |
reap |
|
7) plain- |
grain |
|
8) wide- |
stride |
|
9) light- |
height |
|
10) eyes- |
skies |
See More-
|
Activity No. 1 |
Q. Read the
extract and complete the activities given below.
|
Sitting in a porch way cool, |
A1. Express (2)
The poet has observed the sower closely. Express in your own words the reverence the poet has for the sower.
Answer-
The poet realizes that the old
farmer is staying a bit in the farm. The poet feels thrilled seeing that he
does not end his work just because others have ended their work. The poet feels
wonder and respect at his dark working figure. The poet is lost in thoughts and
expresses the importance of the farmer’s work. He declares that his work
touches the starry skies (as his work provides food to all).
A2. Explain (2)
Explain the line: ‘Old, in rags, he patient stands.’
Answer-
The line ‘Old, in rags, he
patient stands.’ can be explained like this. The word ‘old’ shows age and
experience of the farmer. The word ‘in rags’ indicates the poverty of the
farmer. The word ‘patient’ expresses that the farmer is ready to wait for the crop
to grow. With the anticipation of the good harvest the farmer is working
peacefully in the farm.
A3. Personal
response (2)
Give a list of the essential
things required for sowing seeds in the farm.
Answer-
The essential things required
for sowing seeds in the farm are:
1) Seeds 2) Furrowing 3)
Cultivated land 4) Moisture in the land 5) Fertilizers 6) Workers 7) Bullocks
etc.
A4. Poetic devices
(2)
Find and write any two
examples of personification from the poem. Give their explanation.
Answer-
Examples of
Personification:
1) Sunlight, I see dying Fast.
Explanation: The ‘sunlight’ is given the human quality of
dying fast.
2) Shadows run across the
lands.
Explanation: ‘Shadows’ are given the human quality of
running.
3) Twilight hastens on to the
rule.
Explanation: ‘Twilight’ is given the human quality of
hastening.
A5. Poetic
creativity (2)
Add two poetic
lines to make the rhyme scheme: a b a b
Sitting in a porch way cool,
Sunlight, I see, dying fast,
----------------------------,
----------------------------.
Answer-
Sitting in a porch way cool,
Sunlight, I see, dying fast,
I decide to go
near pool,
Not to want to
remain last.
See more
activities and their model answers in the following book:
Activity Workbook
for Std. XI English
Price - Rs. 300
Courier / Postage Rs. 50
Total Rs. 350
Send message to -
Prof. Tushar
Chavan 9850737199
(ii) 'Agriculture is the backbone
