List of Activities for Testing Grammar

List of Activities for Testing Grammar 

 1. M.C.Q.

2. Begin with----------------------

3. Use and rewrite

4 Rewrite using (article, prepositions) missing in a sentence

5. Selecting a preposition by looking at the situation

6. Changing tense forms in sentences 

7. Framing a sentence based on the given situation

8. Spot the error and rewrite correct sentence.

9. Choose the correct alternative that show correct use of -----

10. Choose the correct use of noun, adjective, adverb or verb form of the word -----

Personal Response - Activities

Personal response activities:

These activities  want you to relate the content of the passage to your own life, your own experiences and opinions.

It wants you to respond to the passage by connecting some aspect of it to your own life and ideas, to give a personal response.

This style of activity is often used to test reading purpose.

One of the clearest ways to check if someone has this skill is to get them to measure the attitudes, ideas and beliefs in a passage against their own.

In other words these activities force you to make some kind of judgement.

You will meet personal response activities  at all levels because they suit important criteria which must be met in Standard Grade Reading, that students can,
comment relevantly on some aspects of the author's point of view and show some skill in justifying the comment from personal experience and knowledge, and evidence in the text.

Comment relevantly on a clearly defined aspect of the author's point of view and justify the comment from personal experience and knowledge and from evidence in the text.

Comment simply and intelligibly on an aspect of the author's point of view that has been clearly defined and relate it to personal experience.

Personal Response activities  should not come as a surprise and should not present much of a problem if you have been actively reading the passage.

Consider and judge what you are reading as you read it.

As you absorb the content be confident enough to agree/disagree, approve/disapprove.

Be aware of the style and the tone used in the passage and judge how they affect you.

Write  feelings and ideas they plant in your mind

At the end of a passage try to have a genuine opinion, for example.

I enjoyed that because ...............
or
I didn't enjoy that because ................

Often there is no straightforward right or wrong answer to Personal Response activities.

To gain full marks you need to justify your answer with connections between your view and the passage.

List of Personal Response Activities

1. Agree or disagree with the writer's views/for or against opinion 

2. Reaction to the situation

3. Suggestions or solutions on the problem

4. Seeking opinions with justification

5. Self-experience

6. Parallel experience

7. Commenting or criticizing on the writer's point of view I opinions I thoughts etc.

8. Give reason/s

9. List the changes that you would bring in yourself

10. Describe the impact or effect of the message given in the passage on your mind

Flip book of Figures of speech

http://online.fliphtml5.com/sllj/obll/

Use - Gerund or Infinitive

Use- Gerund or Infinitive

e.g. (Use – Infinitive)

1) She began laughing,

Ans- She began to laugh.

2) He preferred talking.

Ans- He preferred to talk.             

3) Resting is rusting.

Ans- To rest is to rust.

4) A produce invests money in building up a reputation.

Ans- A producer invests money to build up a reputation.

5) Courage is sticking to your post in danger.

Ans- Courage is to stick to your post in danger.

6) I hate waiting at the crowded railway station.

Ans- I hate to wait at the crowded railway station.

7) Food is the most essential factor in building and maintaining health.

Ans- Food is the most essential factor to build and maintain health.

8) He dislikes deceiving people.

Ans- He dislikes to deceive people.

9) No one has yet invented a suitable way of using its rays.

Ans- No one has yet invented a suitable way to use its rays.

e.g.(Use – gerund)

1) To die is better than to beg.

Ans- Dying is better than begging.

2) But he refused to do so.

Ans- But he refused doing so.

3)They carry the idea to show unity. 

Ans- They carry the idea showing unity.

4) She comes here to ask a question.

Ans- She comes here for asking a question.

5) They had painted the house to make history.

Ans- They had painted the house for making history. 

6) To smoke is a bad habit

Ans- Smoking is a bad habit.

7) It is better to starve than to beg.

Ans- Starving is better than begging.

8) They are here to dance.

Ans- They are here for dancing.

9) To speak is easier than to write.

Ans- Speaking is easier than writing.

10) He likes to read novels.

Ans- He likes reading novels.

Points to be noted 1) When ‘ –ing’ is added to the verb and it is used as noun in the sentence, it is called gerund. 2) When ‘to’ is placed before the base form of verb, it is called infinitive. If there is change in the subject, there is no change in infinitive.       3) If there is preposition before the gerund in the sentence, remove it and then use infinitive in the sentence.

Names of Anniversaries

NAMES OF ANNIVERSARIES

We celebrate lot of anniversaries , and the names for anniversaries are below.

1st anniversary - Paper Jubilee

2nd anniversary - Cotton Jubilee

3rd anniversary - Leather Jubilee

4th anniversary - Book Jubilee

5th anniversary - Iron Jubilee

6th anniversary - Wooden Jubilee

7th anniversary - Copper Jubilee

8th anniversary - Electric Appliance Jubilee

9th anniversary - Pottery Jubilee

10th anniversary - Tin Jubilee

11th anniversary - Steel Jubilee

12th anniversary - Linen Jubilee

13th anniversary - Lace Jubilee

14th anniversary - Ivory Jubilee

15th anniversary - Crystal Jubilee

20th anniversary - China Jubilee

25th anniversary - Silver Jubilee

30th anniversary - Pearl Jubilee

40th anniversary - Ruby Jubilee

45th anniversary - Sapphire Jubilee

50th anniversary - Golden Jubilee

60th anniversary - Diamond Jubilee

75th anniversary - Platinum Jubilee

100th anniversary - Centenary Jubilee

1000th anniversary - Millennium Jubilee

See more resources:

1) Touching Stories

2) Tips to improve English

Use of Modal Auxiliaries

Use Modal Auxiliaries

 Modal Auxiliaries and their uses –

Sr No.	Modal Auxiliary	Use
1	Can	Ability
2	Should	Advice , duty, Suggestion
3	Must	Obligation, compulsion
4	May	Permission, probability, less certainty
5	May not	Prohibition
6	Will	Certainty
7	Would, Could	Request
8	Might	Possibility

e.g.

1) I shall buy a scooter next month.

          (Use modal auxiliary showing ability)

Ans- I can buy a scooter next month.

2) Students may obey their parents.

          (Use modal auxiliary advice)

Ans- Students should obey their parents.

3) They need to be protected.

          (Use modal auxiliary showing obligation)

Ans- They must be protected.                                                   

4) You should do what your teacher tells you

          (Use modal auxiliary showing possibility)

Ans- You might do what your teacher tells you

5) I will teach you this lesson next month.

          (Use modal auxiliary showing less certainty)

Ans- I may teach you this lesson next month.

6) Can I Come in?

          (Use modal auxiliary showing permission)

Ans- May I come in?

7) Will you give me a pen?

          (Use modal auxiliary showing request)

Ans- Could you give me a pen?

8) She will enter the class.

       (Use modal auxiliary showing prohibition)

Ans- She may not enter the class.

Make negative or affirmative sentence

Make Negative / Affirmative Sentence

A) Using opposite words- 

1) This is not good.

Ans- This is bad.

2) The prince is cruel.

Ans- The prince is not kind.

B) Using fail to, fails to, failed to / do not, does not, did not

1) Ram does not understand her.

Ans- Ram fails to understand her.

2) She did not kill the cat.

Ans- She failed to kill a cat.

3) I do not come.

Ans- I fail to come.

C) Using as well as, not only – - - - but also –

1) They are not only clever but also rich.

Ans- They are clever as well as rich.

2) He was strong as well as kind.

Ans- He was not only strong but also kind.

D) Using too - - -to / so - - -that –

1) She is too tired to walk.

Ans- She is so tired that she cannot walk.

2) They are so lazy that I cannot help them.

Ans- They are too lazy for me to help them.

E) Using unless / If - - - not

1) If you work hard, you will win.

Ans- Unless you work hard, you will not win.

2) Unless he runs fast, he will remain behind in the race.

Ans- If he does not run fast, he will remain behind in the race.

F) Changing the degree -

1) Ram is taller than Shyam.

Ans- Shyam is not as tall as Ram.

2) I am not as fat as Rahul.

Ans- Rahul is fatter than I.

G) Using cannot / couldnot or be unable to -

1) I cannot do it.

Ans- I am unable to do it.

2) He could not come.

Ans- He was unable to come.

H) Using hardly / any or no, anybody or nobody, anything or nothing

1) There are no set timings.

Ans- There are hardly any set timings.

2) Nobody liked the dance.

Ans- Hardly anybody liked the dance.

3) He had nothing to eat.

Ans- He had hardly anything to eat.

I) Using without / no / less

1) He has no children.

Ans- He is without children.

Ans- He is childless.

2) We don’t have vision.

Ans- We are without vision.

Ans- We are visionless.

J) As soon as / No sooner - - - than

1) As soon as Ram came, all stud up.

Ans- No sooner did Ram come than all stood up.

2) No sooner does she sing, she gets money.

Ans- As soon as she sings, she gets money.

H) Only / nothing but (inanimate) / none but (animate)

1) It is nothing but a primary school.

Ans- It is only a primary school

Note that :- The meaning of original sentence should not be changed while making it affirmative or negative

    
 

Use - Not only ----- but also or As well as

Use – Not only- - - but also / As well as

e.g.

1) Ram is clever and hard worker.

Ans- Ram is clever as well as hard worker.

Ans- Ram is not only clever but also hard worker.

2) I and you are fortunate to see this.

Ans- Not only I but also you are fortunate to see this.

Ans- I as well as you am fortunate to see this.

3) He and they are ready.

Ans- He as well they is ready.

Ans- Not only he but also they are ready.

4) The losers are not only the women but also the entire society.

Ans- The losers are the women as well as the entire society.

5) She was emotional and strong willed.

Ans- She was not only emotional but also strong willed.

Ans- She was emotional as well as strong willed.

6) We have Laxmi. We have Durga.

Ans- We have Laxmi as well as Durga.

Ans- We have not only Laxmi but also Durga.

7) They must be kept at home. They must be looked after.

Ans- They must be not only kept at home but also looked after.

Ans- They must be kept at home as well as looked after.

8) It was indeed a challenging job for her and for her followers.

Ans- It was indeed a challenging job not only for her but also for her followers.

Ans- It was indeed a challenging job for her as well as for her followers.

9) The nation had need of their powers and attainments.

Ans- The nation had need of not only their powers but also attainments.

Ans- The nation had need of their powers as well as attainments.

10) Its utility is steadily declining and soil quality is deteriorating.

Ans- Not only its utility is steadily declining but also soil quality is deteriorating.

Ans- Its utility is steadily declining as well as soil quality is deteriorating.

11) In sensitive areas police kept strict vigil also guiding the people.

Ans- In sensitive areas police not only kept strict vigil but also guided the people.

Ans- In sensitive areas police kept strict vigil as well as guided the people.

Rules- 1) Write common words only one time. 2) Write ‘not only’ and ‘but also’ before each uncommon words. 3) Write ‘not only’ before word which comes before ‘as well as’ or ‘and’. 4) Write ‘but also’ in place of ‘as well as’ or ‘and’.     5) When subjects are joined by ‘as well as’, use verb according to first subject.

Use- Can,Could or Be able to

Use- - Can, Could or Be able to

e.g.(Use – be able to)

1) You can help the poor.

Ans- You are able to help the poor.

2) Gangu can dance on the stage.

Ans- Gangu is able to dance on stage.

3) I can run fast at any time

Ans- I am able to run fast at any time.

4) Ramu could manage it.

Ans- Ramu was able to manage it.

5) They cannot sell the goods.

Ans- They arenot able to sell the goods.

6) They couldnot sell the goods.

Ans- They werenot able to sell the goods.

7) I cannot come.

Ans- I am not able to come.

8) Can they work hard?

Ans- Are they able to work hard?

9) Can’t she accept the idea?

Ans- Isn’t she able to accept the idea?

10) Couldn’t they catch the bus?

Ans- Weren’t they able to catch the bus?

e.g. (Use – can or could)

1) He was able to run fast.

Ans- He could run fast.

2) They are able to paint a picture.

Ans- They can paint a picture.

3) They were able to carry the load.

Ans- They could carry the load.

4) Are they able to reach in time?

Ans- Can they reach in time?

5) Were they able to reach in time?

Ans- Could they reach in time?

6) Isn’t Raju able to drink milk?

Ans- Can’t Raju drink milk?

7) Wasn’t he able to start dance?

Ans- Couldn’t he start dance?

Rules- 1) ‘Be able to’ is used in place of ‘can or could’. 2) Can = am, is, are + able to. 3) Could = was, were + able to. 4) Do not use ‘be” in the sentence.

Use - If --------- not or Unless

Use-: If---------not or Unless

(A)  When If-sentence is negative-

  

e.g.   (Use- Unless)

1)  If he does not run fast, he will miss the train.

Ans- Unless he runs fast, he will miss the train.

2)  If she did not catch the ball, she would be punished.

Ans- Unless she caught the ball, she would be punished.

3)  If you are lucky, you will not fail.

Ans- Unless you are lucky, you will fail.

4)  If we are not fair to any one, the world cannot be fair to us.

Ans- Unless we are fair to any one, the world cannot be fair to us.

5)  If you are brave, you will not fear.

Ans- Unless you are brave, you will fear.

6)  You are likely to be punished, if you don’t express regret.

Ans- Unless you express regret, you are likely to be punished.

7) If they do not work hard, they will not win.

Ans- Unless they work hard, they will not win.

Rules :-

  1) Write 'Unless' in place of  'If'.

  2) Remove ‘not’ from If-sentence.

  3) If there are two ‘not’, remove only one.

  4) When ‘do not’ is removed, there is no change in the next  verb.  

      When ‘does not’ is removed, add ‘–s or –es’ to the next verb.

      When ‘did not’ is removed, make past form of the next verb.

(B) When If- sentence is affirmative—  

        

e.g. (Use-Unless)

1) If you are lucky, you will win.

Ans- Unless you are lucky, you will not win.

2) If you work hard, you will get money.

Ans- Unless you work hard, you will not get money.

3) I shall read this news, if you allow me.

Ans- I shall not read this news, unless you allow me.

4) Tree nesting birds live only if there are trees.

Ans- Tree nesting birds do not live unless there are trees.

5) If it increases the sale of goods, industry prospers.

Ans- Unless it increases the sale of goods, industry does not prosper.

6) If Raju caught the bus, he would reach in time.

Ans- Unless Raju caught the bus, he would not reach in time.

7) If Seeta sings a song, she will win the prize.

Ans- Unless Seeta sings a song, she will win the prize.

Rules :-

    1) Write ‘If’ in place of ‘Unless’.
    2) Write 'If-clause' as it is.

    3) Write ‘not’ after the auxiliary verb of second clause.

    4) When there is no auxiliary verb use ‘do, does, did’.

 (C) Use- If- - - not

   

e.g.   

1)  Unless you work hard, you will fail.

Ans- If you do not work hard, you will fail.

2)  Unless he works hard, he will not pass.

Ans- If he does not work hard, he will not pass.

3)  Unless he worked hard, he would not earn money.

Ans- If he did not work hard, he would not earn money.

4)  Unless you start singing, you will not get prize.

Ans- If you do not start singing, you will not get prize.

5) Unless she accepts the proposal, I will not come.

Ans- If she does not accept the proposal I will not come.

6) Unless they bring the news, she will not make meal.

Ans- If they don’t bring the news, she will not make meal.

7) Unless you are brave, you will not do that job.

Ans- If you are not brave, you will not do that job.

(D)  For clause having without- -

                  
 Use – If - - - no / Unless

e.g.

1) Without freedom, we have no civilization.

Ans- If there is no freedom, we have no civilization.

Ans- Unless there is freedom, we have no civilization.

2) Without water, all living things die.

Ans- If there is no water, all living things die.

Ans- Unless there is water, all living things die.

3) Without Nile, Egypt would be a desert.

Ans- If there is were Nile, Egypt would be a desert.

Ans- Unless there were Nile, Egypt would be a desert.

4) The human body cannot function properly without specific nutrients.

Ans- The human body cannot function properly if there are no specific nutrients.

Ans- The human body cannot function properly, unless there are specific nutrients.

5) Without money, I will not become successful.

Ans- If there is no money, I will not become successful.

Ans- Unless there is money, I will not become successful.

6) Without books, Rahul cannot study.

Ans- If there are no books, Rahul cannot study.

Ans- Unless there are books, Rahul cannot study.

7) Without music, I cannot start dance.

Ans- If there is no music, I cannot start dance.

Ans- Unless there is music, I cannot start dance.

Rules –

1) Write ‘If’ or ‘Unless’ in place of ‘without’.

2) Take subject and verb like- ‘there is, there are, there was, there were’.

3) Write ‘no’ after verb in 'If-clause'. For 'Unless – clause' do not use 'no or not' after verb.

4) Write second clause as it is.

Note That :-

  ‘No’ is adjective while ‘Not’ is adverb. So before ‘noun’ use ‘no’ and before ‘verb, article, adjective’ use ‘not’.

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